Passive Voice dan Active Voice: Penjelasan Lengkap, Fungsi, dan Contoh
kampung-inggris-pare.id – Kalimat memiliki beberapa jenis. Salah satu jenisnya adalah kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif. Dalam bahasa Inggris, jenis kalimat ini dalam bahasa Inggris disebut sebagai Passive Voice dan Active Voice. Apa perbedaan dua kalimat ini? Bagi kamu yang memiliki pertanyaan yang sama, jangan khawatir, Mimin akan jelaskan apa perbedaan dua kalimat ini. Simak penjelasan lengkapnya.
Perbedaan Active Voice dan Passive Voice
Seperti yang sudah dijelaskan di atas, active voice merupakan kalimat aktif, sedangkan passive voice merupakan kalimat pasif. Kalimat aktif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya aktif melakukan kegiatan. Sedangkan kalimat pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai kegiatan. Untuk lebih jelasnya lihat contoh berikut ini:
Active Voice:
- “The chef cooked a delicious meal for the guests.” (Koki tersebut memasak hidangan lezat untuk para tamu.)
- “The company will launch a new product next month.” (Perusahaan tersebut akan meluncurkan produk baru bulan depan.)
Passive Voice:
- “A delicious meal was cooked for the guests by the chef.” (Hidangan lezat telah dimasak untuk para tamu oleh koki.)
- “A new product will be launched by the company next month.” (Produk baru akan diluncurkan oleh perusahaan bulan depan.)
Dari contoh di atas bisa kita ketahui di active voice pertama ‘chef’ adalah subjek, dan subjek aktif melakukan kegiatan yaitu ‘memasak’. Sedangkan dalam passive voice subjek dikenai kegiatan, maka kata me- berubah menjadi di- menjadi ‘dimasak’. Dari penjelasan ini kamu sudah paham kan?
Rumus
Rumus active voice dan active voice dapat kita lihat dari tenses yang digunakan. Berikut adalah rumus berdasarkan tense-nya:
Tense | Active Voice | Passive Voice |
Simple present | S + V1 + O | S + to be (am/are/is) + V3 + by + O |
Present continuous | S + to be (am/are/is) + V1-ing + O | S + to be (am/are/is) + being + V3 + by + O |
Present perfect | S + have/has + V3 + O | S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O |
Present perfect continuous | S + have/has + been + V1-ing+ O | S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O |
Simple past | S + V2 + O | S + to be (was/were) + V3 + by + O |
Past contonuous | S + to be (was/were) + V1-ing + O | S + to be (was/were) + being + V3 + by + O |
Past perfect | S + had + V3 + O | S + had + been + V3 + by + O |
Past perfect continuous | S + had + been + V1-ing + O | S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O |
Simple future | S + will + V1 + O | S + will be + V3 + by + O |
Future continuous | S + will + be + V1-ing + O | S + will + be + being + V3 + by + O |
Future perfect | S + will + have + V3 + O | S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O |
Future perfect continuous | S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O | S + will + have + been + being + O |
Simple past future | S + would + V1 + O | S + would + be + V3 + by + O |
Past future continuous | S + would + be + V1-ing + O | S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O |
Past future perfect | S + would + have + V3 + O | S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O |
Past future perfect continuous | S + would + have + been + V1-ing + O | S + would + have + been + being+ V3 + by + O |
Dari contoh di atas apakah kamu sudah memahami? Selanjutnya mimin mau kasih contoh kalimat untuk active voice dan passive voice. Berikut adalah contohnya:
Tense | Active Voice | Passive Voice |
Simple present | The sun rises in the east. | The east is where the sun rises. |
Present continuous | She is reading a book now. | A book is being read by her now. |
Present perfect | I have visited that museum before. | That museum has been visited by me before. |
Present perfect continuous | They have been working on the project for two hours. | The project has been being worked on by them for two hours. |
Simple past | She finished the work yesterday. | The work was finished by her yesterday. |
Past contonuous | We were watching a movie at that time. | A movie was being watched by us at that time. |
Past perfect | They had already left when we arrived. | Leaving had already been done by them when we arrived. |
Past perfect continuous | She had been studying for hours. | Studying had been being done by her for hours. |
Simple future | They will visit us next week. | We will be visited by them next week. |
Future continuous | She will be cooking dinner at 7 PM tomorrow. | Dinner will be being cooked by her at 7 PM tomorrow. |
Future perfect | By this time next year, I will have finished my degree. | By this time next year, my degree will have been finished by me. |
Future perfect continuous | They will have been working on the project for six months by then. | The project will have been being worked on by them for six months by then. |
Simple past future | She would write a letter. | A letter would be written by her. |
Past future continuous | She would writing a letter. | A letter would be being written by her. |
Past future perfect | She would have written a letter. | A letter would have been written by her. |
Past future perfect continuous | She would have been writing a letter. | A letter would have been being written by her. |
Itulah penjelasan tentang active voice dan passive voice. Bagaimana? Kamu sudah paham kan perbedaan kedua kalimat ini. Selain itu masih banyak lagi loh materi-materi dalam bahasa Inggris yang perlu kamu tahu. Jadi tetap semangat dalam belajar bahasa Inggris ya. Jika kamu ingin belajar bahasa Inggris, kamu bisa kursus di Kampung Inggris Pare. Kampung Inggris Pare. Tempat ini merupakan tempat favorit pelajar dari seluruh indonesia untuk belajar bahasa Inggris. Klik di sini, untuk info selengkapnya tentang kampung Inggris.